Critics blame IPv4 markets for inequality, but registry rules long rewarded scale and imposed regressive costs. Scarcity was managed, not equalized, leaving poorer networks paying more for slower, less predictable access over time and regions. more
A dispute over African IP governance exposes a flaw in the RIR system, where thin policy, weak accountability and institutional self preservation risk overriding running networks and undermining the technical legitimacy that sustained global coordination. more
Africa's push toward IPv6 cannot bypass IPv4 scarcity, as uneven infrastructure, market dynamics, and governance disputes raise costs, entrench inequality, and risk turning transitional address shortages into a lasting brake on digital development across regions. more